Instrumentation and control

Calibration and errors

Absolute, relative and full-scale errors and hysteresis.

Instrumentation and control

Absolute measurement error

Δ = Xₘ − Xᵣ→
Instrumentation and control

Relative measurement error

δ = Δ / Xᵣ × 100%→
Instrumentation and control

Full-scale error

γ = Δ / Span × 100%→
Instrumentation and control

Instrument hysteresis

H = |X↑ − X↓| / Span × 100%→
Instrumentation and control

Measurement correction

C = Xᵣ − Xₘ→
Instrumentation and control

Accuracy class check

|γ| ≤ class→
Instrumentation and control

Reading variation

H = |X↑ − X↓|→