Instrumentation and control

PID controllers

Control error and proportional, integral and derivative terms.

Instrumentation and control

PID control error

e = SP − PV→
Instrumentation and control

PID proportional term

P = Kp e→
Instrumentation and control

PID integral term

I = Ki e t→
Instrumentation and control

PID derivative term

D = Kd Δe/Δt→
Instrumentation and control

PID controller output

u = Kp e + Ki e t + Kd Δe/Δt→
Instrumentation and control

PID control output from terms

u = Kp·e + Ki∫e dt + Kd·de/dt→
Instrumentation and control

PID gains from Ti and Td

Ki = Kp / Ti; Kd = Kp·Td→
Instrumentation and control

Ziegler-Nichols settings

P, PI, PID = f(Ku, Tu)→